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Gobeithio - To Hope
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gobeithio - to hope
sample sentence: * Gobeithio (g)wnaiff hi stopio bwrw glaw cyn hir . Dwi'n wlyb iawn . - Hopefully it will stop raining soon. I am very wet.
Image: ...gwlyb iawn
* Gobeithio is being used as an adverb here so it should strictly be preceded by yn , in context however,the verb noun gobeithio is enough to convey 'hopefully'.
*MUTANT ALERT*
In the sample sentence above on this page you will observe that the spelling of one word ( wlyb ) differs from the spelling on the relevant Geiriadur listing page ( Gwlyb - Wet ). Be not alarmed!
This happens because:-
"Welsh, as with all other Celtic languages, often sees changes made to the beginning of words depending on the word that precedes it, or the role it plays in the sentence. These changes are known as "mutations", of which Welsh has three distinct types. Common situations in which a mutation may occur are when a word follows a preposition, possessive, or number."
The three types of mutation are:-
The three links above will take you to further information about these commonly occurring mutations.
Most Welsh courses and teachers advise students not to worry too much about this at the outset. Fluent speakers will understand you if you forget to mutate a letter. With practice this will come naturally and there is perhaps, no need for beginning learners to make a conscious effort to apply these rules.
However, if you wish to acquaint yourself with the rules early on you could look out for the 'Mutant Alert' notice on the vocabulary pages and use these as an opportunity to refresh your knowledge by checking the above links.
Spot the Mutation: The mutation above is an example of a ........... mutation?
PRESENT TENSE - AFFIRMATIVE
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Dwi'n gobeithio - I am hoping
Wyt ti'n gobeithio - You are hoping (familiar)
Mae e'n gobeithio / Mae hi'n gobeithio - He / She is hoping
Dyn ni'n gobeithio - We are hoping
Dych chi'n gobeithio - You (plural) are hoping (also singular formal)
Maen nhw'n gobeithio - They are hoping
,,,
PRESENT TENSE - NEGATIVE
...
Dwi ddim yn gobeithio - I am not hoping
Dwyt ti ddim yn gobeithio - You are not hoping (familiar)
Dydy e ddim yn gobeithio / Dydy hi ddim yn gobeithio - He / She is not hoping
Dyn ni ddim yn gobeithio - We are not hoping
Dych chi ddim yn gobeithio - You (plural) are not hoping (also singular formal)
Dyn nhw ddim yn gobeithio - They are not hoping
...
PRESENT TENSE - INTERROGATIVE
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Ydw i'n gobeithio? - Am I hoping?
Wyt ti'n gobeithio? - Are you hoping? (familiar)
Ydy e'n gobeithio / Ydy hi'n gobeithio? - Is he / Is she hoping?
Ydyn ni'n gobeithio? - Are we hoping?
Ydych chi'n gobeithio? - Are you (plural) hoping? (also singular formal)
Ydyn nhw'n gobeithio? - Are they hoping?
...
QUESTION - ’NO / YES’ REPLIES
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Ydw i'n gobeithio? - (Nac) Wyt / (Ydych - formal)
Wyt ti'n gobeithio? - (Nac) Ydw
Ydy e'n gobeithio / Ydy hi'n gobeithio? - (Nac) Ydy
Ydyn ni'n gobeithio? - (Nac) Ydyn / Ydych
Ydych chi'n gobeithio? - (Nac) Ydyn / (Ydw - formal)
Ydyn nhw'n gobeithio? - (Nac) Ydyn
...
N.B. 'Wyt ti' is the familiar form of the 2nd person and should be used only when addressing close friends, family members and animals. 'Dych chi' is the polite form and should be used in all other instances.
