The Penmachno Document was created on 19th December 1294 at Penmachno in Gwynedd by Madog ap Llywelyn during his revolt against the unfair rule of the English.

Although the document only consists of the grant of two parcels of land, it is significant in the fact that it is the only surviving document issued by Madog in which he styles himself prince of Wales.  

Madog was the son of Llywelyn ap Maredudd, who supported the attempt to overthrow Llywelyn ap Gruffudd the Prince of Wales at the Battle of Bryn Derwin in 1255 and was subsequently exiled to England, where Madog was probably born.

Madog is known to have received a substantial amount of money from King Edward I of England in 1277, which in 1278, he used to sue Llywelyn ap Gruffudd attempting to regain his father's cantref of Meirionydd.  After the death of Llywelyn in 1282, it would appear that Madog returned to Gwynedd and received lands in Anglesey from the King. 

In the autumn of 1294, Madog put himself at the head of a national revolt in response to the imposition of unfair taxes by the royal administrators.  However, a final battle between Madog's men and those of the English crown occurred at the battle of Maes Moydog in Powys in 1295, in which the Welsh army were defeated and Madog barely escaped with his life.  He was later captured and taken to London, however he escaped execution, as he is recorded as still being alive in 1312.   

Wales beat the New Zealand All Blacks 13 -8, on 19th December 1953. 

Flanker, Sid Judd and wing, Ken Jones scored tries for Wales in what still remains the last time Wales defeated New Zealand.  

 A special hour-length final episode of the popular television documentary Coal House was shown on 19th December 2009 

The two-part series followed the lives of modern day families replicating the lifestyle of people in the Welsh coal mining town of Blaenavon in two earlier periods of the 20th century.

The first series is set in the economically depressed time of 1927 and shows how the men and boys over 14 were required to walk over the mountains to work in the local coal mine, while the women had to run a home without electricity and running water. 

The second series is set at the end of World War II, in 1944 and shows how the men and boys over 14 were expected to do Home Guard duties, after a long day's work at the coal mine.  The women are expected to run the home with limited rations, whilst also looking after war evacuees and Bevin Boys, who were conscripted to work in the mines. 

Released on 19th December 2008, Frost/Nixon, starring Welsh actor Michael Sheen as David Frost in a film dramatisation of the Nixon interviews of 1977. 

Owen Gruffydd (1643 - December 1730) was a poet who wrote about his sadness of the decline of the Welsh language.

Owen Gruffydd was born in the parish of Llanystumdwy, Caernarfonshire, where he was a weaver by profession and gained high repute as a poet.  He gradually lost his sight with old age, after which he dictated his verse to friends. 

Most of Gruffydd's poems were written in honor of the local aristocracy , but he also wrote popular verse, such as carols for Christmastide.  A large collection of Gruffydd's works is archived in the British Museum and the National Library of Wales.