Huw Llywelyn Rees


 

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11th November.

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By: Huw Llywelyn Rees
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Able Seaman Richard Morgan died on Armistice Day, 11 November 1918 while serving on the destroyer HMS Garland. He was 26 years old. He was probably the last British Serviceman to die in the First World War. He is buried in the village of Defauden in Monmouthshire and is one of 40,000 Welsh servicemen to be killed during the conflict.  


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On 11th November 1294, Madog ap Llywelyn defeated the forces of the earl of Lincoln in a pitched battle near Denbigh during the Welsh revolt of 1294-95 against English rule. 

After the death of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd in 1282, Edward I hoped that Wales would be pacified.  He had introduced the English shire system and English laws in The Statute of Rhuddlan in 1284 and poured an enormous amount of money and effort into both the rebuilding of damaged castles and the construction of new ones.  The Welsh, however, resented English rule and rebelled  unsuccessfully in 1287 and 1288. Welsh resentment fomented in 1294 when the demand for an unpopular tax was coupled with the conscription of Welsh troops for Edward's campaign in Gascony.

30th September 1294 -  Welsh soldiers assembling at Shrewsbury, due to march to Portsmouth for Edward’s campaign in Gascony, mutinied and killed their English officers. The rebels rallied around a distant cousin of Llywelyn, Madog ap Llywelyn and very soon every important Welsh castle was under siege.  

October 1294 - Edward  mustered an army at his customary base of Worcester to send reinforcements to a besieged Brecon Castle and the area south of Cardiff.

11th November 1294 - Madog ap Llywelyn defeated the forces of the earl of Lincoln in a pitched battle near Denbigh.

5th December 1294 -  Edward led an army to Wrexham, carrying the fight to the Welsh, who had  managed to push the English out of northern Wales into the city of Chester.As many as 10,000 rebels surrendered and were pardoned on condition that they serve the king in France. Madog however, managed to convince his followers that it was better to die defending their homeland than to die on foreign soil.

19th December 1294 - The Penmachno Document was drawn up by Madog ap Llywelyn at the height of his revolt against English rule. It is the only surviving document  in which Madog refers to himself as the prince of Wales.  

24th December 1294 -  Edward was joined at his new castle on the Conway Estuary by Reginald de Gray’s force of 11,000 men.

12th January 1295 - Edward sacked the town of Nefyn.  On the return journey, his troops were ambushed by Welsh forces near Bangor who retook the booty they had taken from the town. The King and most of his force survived and made it back to Conway, but were besieged, and because the rough winter seas prevented any fresh supplies from reaching the castle, they were forced to live off  salted fish and water flavoured with honey.

March 1295 - Madog led his army eastwards to threaten Shrewsbury and camped at  Maes Moydog, near Montgomery.  English spies raced to inform the commander of the central force, William de Beauchamp, of  Madog's location and Beauchamp  together with 2500 men from the nearby English town of Oswestry  approached the Welsh camp. 

5th March 1295 -  England and Wales did battle for the final time, at Maes Moydog. The Welsh  managed to repel the first English charge, but in response Beauchamp used archers to produce gaps in the lines of Welsh spearmen, allowing the English knights to smash their way through the line and rout the Welsh army. The English lost just 90 men, the Welsh 700.

10th March 1295 -  Edward detailed a small force of archers and knights to make a midnight sortie against the remnants of the Welsh camp. The Welsh lost another 500 men.

15th April 1295 -  Edward sent a force to occupy Anglesey and ordered the construction of Beaumaris Castle.  
Madog managed to escape, but the destruction of his army brought an end to the Welsh War.  Edward, triumphantly toured Wales, demanding surrender and allegiance. Madog became a fugitive, eventually surrendering and being imprisoned in the Tower of London for the remainder of his life.   


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On 11th November 1854, the Ballarat Reform League was formed in Victoria, Australia, chaired by John Basson Humffray from Newtown, Montgomeryshire. He had been active in the Chartist movement before emigrating to the Victorian goldfields. He was prominent  in the Eureka Rebellion in 1854, being one of the leaders who campaigned for the diggers' rights, but he was essentially a man of peace who was not in favour of  physical force. 

The Eureka Rebellion resulted in the deaths of at least 27 people, most of whom were rebels. It was an episode of civilian disobedience in the Ballarat region during the Victorian gold rush and is commonly identified with the birth of democracy in Australia. 


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Born on this day 1941 in Rhigos

 Dai Morris played rugby for Wales during the 1970s. A coal miner, he would often play rugby after completing a shift underground.

In one season alone he scored 22 tries for Glynneath, he played for Neath in over 400 matches and won 34 caps for Wales before dedicating himself to Rhigos RFC, his home village rugby club.

One of his closest friends, Max Boyce, said of him;

"He was one of the quietest, unassuming stars of Welsh rugby. In rugby terms, he is the definitive working-class hero and is one of the greatest players to wear the Welsh jersey.  Perhaps there have been more celebrated players in the history of Welsh rugby, but none that is more respected than this gentleman of rugby who's affectionately known to all as Dai."

In 2002, Dai was voted into an all-time greatest Welsh XV at the blindside flanker position.  


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Born Mary Anne Evans in Tongwynlais near Cardiff, Mary Anne Disraeli, 1st Viscountess Beaconsfield (11 November 1792–15 December 1872) was a society figure, married to Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli. 

She was an unconventional and outspoken character who often scandalised staid society with her outrageous remarks, although Queen Victoria herself is said to have been often amused by her witticism. Her outward manner belied her shrewdness and intelligence, as she assisted her husband in writing and editing his books.

She is buried with Disraeli in the Church of St Michael and All Angels at Hughenden, close to the Disraeli family home in Buckinghamshire. The house, now open to the public, has been preserved as it was while occupied by the Disraelis.  


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On 11th November 1978, Graham Mourie's New Zealand side beat Wales 13-12 at Cardiff Arms Park following a controversial last-minute penalty kicked by Brian McKechnie.

Wales was leading by two points with seconds left to play when New Zealand's Andy Haden threw himself out of the line out in a bid to gain a penalty.

The Kiwi captain later admitted that he had suggested the idea to Haden before the match. "I know that some of the players later regretted it and their part in it, but it was equally true that in that crucial, unforgiving minute in the searing heat of Cardiff Arms Park the match was won and the tour continued to its climax." 


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Roy Bergiers (born 11 November 1950 in Carmarthen) is a former Welsh international rugby union player. He toured South Africa with the British Lions in 1974 and played club rugby for Llanelli.  He is best remembered for scoring the only  when Llanelli beat the All Blacks 9-3 at Stradey Park on 31 October 1972 in one of Welsh rugby's proudest moments.  


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Labour politician Roy Jenkins was born in Abersychan, Monmouthshire, on 11th November, 1920.

After attending Abersychan Grammar School and Balliol College Oxford, Jenkins served in the Royal Artillery during WWII and also worked as a codebreaker at Bletchley Park. Following in the footsteps of his father, Arthur Jenkins, who was Labour MP for Pontypool, Jenkins was elected to the House of Commons in 1948, representing first Central Southwark, then Stechford in Birmingham. After the Labour Party won the 1964 GeneraI Election, Harold Wilson appointed him as aviation minister, and the following year, Jenkins became home secretary, facilitating the passing of private members' bills that legalized homosexuality and abortion. After Labour won the 1974 General Election, Jenkins once again became Home Secretary, leading a successful campaign for membership of the European Economic Community. He left the House of Commons in 1977 to become president of the European Commission in Brussels, where he advocated the idea of European monetary union, laying the foundation for the single currency adopted in 2002. In 1981, he joined Shirley Williams and David Owen in establishing the Social Democratic Party (SDP). As leader of the new party, he returned to the House of Commons in 1982 as MP for Glasgow Hillhead, although he was to lose his seat in 1987.

When he retired, Jenkins published several books including an autobiography, A Life At The Centre (1991) and two biographies, Gladstone (1995) and Churchill (2001). He died on 5th January 2003.